CLINICAL CITATIONS & SOURCE DATA

Medical Error Estimation: Makary MA, Daniel M. Medical error—the third leading cause of death in the US. BMJ. 2016;353:i2139. doi:10.1136/bmj.i2139.

Cochrane Database Evaluation: Prasad V, Ioannidis JP. Evidence-based medicine has been hijacked: a report to David Sackett. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016;73:82-86. (Empirical evaluation finding available evidence could neither support nor refute 49% of interventions).

Opioid vs Non-Opioid Efficacy: Krebs EE, Gravely A, Nugent S, et al. Effect of Opioid vs Nonopioid Medications on Pain-Related Function in Patients With Chronic Back Pain or Hip or Knee Osteoarthritis Pain: The SPACE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2018;319(9):872–882.

Opioids in Cancer Pain: Wiffen PJ, Wee B, Derry S, Bell RF, Moore RA. Opioids for cancer pain - an overview of Cochrane reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD012592.

NSAID Cardiovascular Risk: Bally M, Dendukuri N, Rich B, et al. Risk of acute myocardial infarction with NSAIDs in real world use: bayesian meta-analysis of individual patient data. BMJ. 2017;357:j1909.

NSAID Economic Burden: Moore RA, Phillips CJ. Cost of NSAID adverse effects to the UK National Health Service. Journal of Medical Economics. 1999;2:45–55.

Pediatric Drug-Label Information: Sachs AN, Avant D, Lee CS, Rodriguez W, Murphy MD. Pediatric Information in Drug Product Labeling. JAMA. 2012;307(18):1914–1915. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.3435.

Acupuncture Bibliometric Analysis: Ma Y, Dong M, Zhou K, Mita C, Liu J, Wayne PM. Publication Trends in Acupuncture Research: A 20-Year Bibliometric Analysis Based on PubMed. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(12):e0168123. (Identification of 13,320 publications).

Osteoarthritis Meta-Analysis: Corbett MS, Rice SJC, Madurasinghe V, et al. Acupuncture and other physical treatments for the relief of pain due to osteoarthritis of the knee: network meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013;21(9):1290–1298.

NICE Osteoarthritis Guidelines: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Osteoarthritis in over 16s: diagnosis and management. NICE guideline [NG226]. Published: 19 October 2022.

Menopausal VMS Efficacy: Chiu HY, Pan CH, Shyu YK, Han CB, Tsai PS. Effects of acupuncture on menopause-related symptoms and quality of life in women in natural menopause: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause. 2015;22(2):234-44.

HRT Oncological Risk: Manson JE, Chlebowski RT, Stefanick ML, et al. Menopausal hormone therapy and health outcomes during the intervention and extended poststopping phases of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trials. JAMA. 2013;310(13):1353-68.

Anxiety & Depression Trial: Arvidsdotter T, Marklund B, Kylén S, Taft C, Ekman I. Understanding persons with psychological distress in primary health care. Scand J Caring Sci. 2016;30(4):687-694.

Pharmacological GAD Failure Rates: Generoso MB, Trevizol AP, Kasper S, Cho BY, Cordeiro Q, Shiozawa P. Pregabalin for generalized anxiety disorder: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2017;32(1):49-55.

Benzodiazepine Adverse Effects: Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). Benzodiazepines and Z-drugs: reminder of risks. GOV.UK Drug Safety Update.

Cancer Pain Meta-Analysis: Chiu HY, Hsieh YJ, Tsai PS. Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture to reduce cancer-related pain. Eur J Cancer Care. 2017;26(2).

Purinergic Signaling: Goldman N, Chen M, Fujita T, et al. Adenosine A1 receptors mediate local anti-nociceptive effects of acupuncture. Nat Neurosci. 2010;13(7):883-8.

Endogenous Opioid Modulation: Harris RE, Zubieta JK, Scott DJ, et al. Traditional Chinese acupuncture and placupunture are differentially associated with clinical responses and with activation of the mu-opioid receptor. NeuroImage. 2009;47(3):1077-85.

Autonomic Regulation: Lund I, Lundeberg T. Mechanisms of acupuncture. Acupunct Relat Ther. 2016;4(4):26–30.

Functional Connectivity: Zhang ZJ, Wang XM, McAlonan GM. Neural Acupuncture Unit: A New Concept for Interpreting Effects and Mechanisms of Acupuncture. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2012:429412.